Direct-heat drier.



' W. R. MAGKLIND.

DIRECT HEAT DRIER;

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28, 19170.

Patented Au 29, 1911.

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cnLuMnlA ILANOGIIAPH c0. WASHINGTON. u 1;

.R. MAUKLIND.

DIRECT HEAT DRIER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28 Patented Aug. 29,1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

gem. IJIIIIIIIIII W. R. MAGKLIND.

DIRECT HEAT DRIER.

arr-mouxon FILED JULY 28,1910.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

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v Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

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COLLMBIA PLANOGRAPII :0. WASHINGTON. n. c.

WILLIAM R. MAOKLIND, 0F

MINERAL POINT, MISSOURI.

DIRECT-HEAT DRIER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

Application filed July 28, 1910. Serial No. 574,217.

To all whom it may concem:

Be it known that I, TILLIAM R. MACK- LIND, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Mineral Point, in the county of ashing-ton and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Direct-Heat Driers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to drying machines, and is designed particularly for drying clay, sand, coal, large fragmentary materials, shavings, non-sticky materials, etc, one of the objects being to provide a machine in which a plurality of rotary disks or receivers are arranged one above another and are separated from each other by a plurality of deflectors, or the like, that guide the material which falls from one disk to another.

Another object of this invention is to provide means for elevating the material to the topmost disk or receiver, from which it discharges by centrifugal force to a subjacent disk that delivers same in like manner to the next lower disk, and so on until the material reaches the bottom, where it is delivered from the machine.

Further, this invention consists in the provision of means for introducing heat into the interior of the machine so that same passes through the path of travel of the moving material, with the result that the material becomes thoroughly dried by the time it is discharged from the machine.

With these objects in view, the present invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which like numbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is an end elevation of a machine embodying this invention; Fig. 2'

is a sectional view on the line 2-2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the lower part of the machine, showing the furnaces partly in section; Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4, Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the line 5-5, Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the line 66, Fig. 2; and Fig. 7 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the line 7-7, Fig. 2.

The machine is supported. on a foundation 1 which is formed of concrete, brick, or

any other suitable material. A wall 2 is preferably formed of concrete and is supported upon said foundation. Said wall is circular in shape, and is lined with a brick wall 3 which supports a cupola 4. Said cupola is preferably formed of metal and is covered with asbestos 5, or the like, that not only retains the heat within cupola 4, but insulates said cupola from the changes in temperature of the atmosphere surrounding said cupola. Said cupola is preferably cylindrical in shape and is reinforced at its ends by means of angle-irons 6. Man holes 7 are formed in cupola 4, and afiord a means for obtaining access to the interior of said cupola, the asbestos being cut away around man holes 7 to allow doors 8 to be hung in the usual manner to cover said man holes. The top of said cupola is covered with a roof 9, which is preferably formed of sheetmetal fastened to a framework that is composed of channel-irons 10 or the like, said channel-irons being supported from cupola 4. Stacks 11 are arranged at the top of cupola 4 in order to exhaust the heat from the interior of said cupola, each of said stacks being provided with a damper 12 and supported on I-beams 13, or the like, fastened to channel-irons 10. A railing 14 encircles stacks 11 and rests upon roof 9.

A vertically-disposed shaft 15 extends through an opening in a casting 16 that is secured to foundation 1 by means of anchor bolts 17 or the like, and is located in approximately the middle of the space sursounded by wall 3, said opening in casting 16 being lined with Babbitt metal 18, or the like. The lower end of shaft 15 projects into the interior of an opening 19 in foundation 1 and bears a miter gear 20 which meshes with a miter gear 21 secured to a drive shaft 22, said drive shaft being journaled in suitable supports 23.

A pulley 24, or the like, is rigidly mounted on shaft 22 and is driven from any suit able source of power in order to impart motion throughthe medium of miter gears 21 and 20 to shaft 15. The upper end of casting 16 is dished at 25 to receive a co hcave washer 26. Said washer encircles shaft 15 and forms a seat for a convex washer 27 that, also, encircles shaft 15. The lower ring 28 of a pair, which encircles shaft 15, rests upon washer 27 and supports a plurality of balls 29 upon which the upper ring 28 of Said pair rests, each of said .rings being provided with an annular groove 30 to form a path in which said balls travel. The rings 28 and balls 29 thus form a ball bearing that is maintained level by means of washer 27. The upper ring 28 fits into a depression 31 in the bottom of a cup bearing 32 that encircles shaft 15, said shaft being provided with an enlarged upper end 33 which seats in said cup hearing. A screwthreaded opening 34 is formed in the upper end 33 of shaft 15 to receive the screwthreaded lower end of a hollow shaft 35. Shaft 35 extends upwardly through the middle of the interior of cupola 4 and passes through an opening in roof 9. A casting 36 encircles shaft 35 and rests upon roof 9. Said casting is provided with a depression 37 in which a collar 33 fits that is loosely mounted on shaft 35. Shaft 35 extends through an opening in the cover 39 of a casing 40 that encircles shaft 35, said casing being supported upon casting 36. Lugs 41 project from the inner wall of casing 40 and form bearings for rollers 42. Said rollers are arranged around a sleeve 43 that is rigidly mounted on shaft 35, and form a roller bearing for the upper part of said shaft. The upper end of shaft 35 projects into the interior of an inverted pan or receiver 44 that rests upon cover 39. A flange 45 projects from the upper end of shaft 35 and inclines downwardly to overlap a flange 46 that projects from the inner wall of receiver 44. A feed water pipe 47, which is provided with a controlling valve 48, passes through an opening in cover 49 of receiver 44 and projects through the open top of shaft 35 into the interior of same. Said pipe terminates within a short distance of the bottom of shaft 35 and discharges hot water into the interior of said shaft in order to heat same, thereby causing said shaft to radiate heat into the interior of cupola 4. The hot water fills shaft 35 and overflows from the upper end of same into receiver 44 from which it discharged through outlet pipe or pipes 50. As shaft 35 is comparatively long, it is necessary to provide intermediate bearings therefor. Each of said intermediate bearings preferably comprises a pair of semicircular bands 51, said bands being bolted together or otherwise secured around shaft 35, and supported from onpola 4 by means of stay-rods 52 or the like. Shields 53 are secured to shaft 35 and are arranged to cover the bands 51, respectively, in order to protect said bands from the mateiial within cupola 4.

The material to be dried is fed in any suitable manner into a receiver 54 that is preferably located adjacent cupola 4. A casing 55 rests upon receiver 54 and extends upwardly to a higher elevation than roof 9, said casing being held in position by means of braces 56 supported from cupola 4. The

material that enters receiver 54 is elevated by means of a bucket conveyer 57, or the like, within casing 55, and is delivered from said conveyer to a chute 58 at the top of said casing, said chute being arranged to discharge the material into a hopper 59 that is supported from channelirons 10 of roof 9. Conveyer 57 travels in engagement with sprockets 60, borne by shafts 61, a sprocket 62, or the like, on one of said shafts being driven from any suitable source of power in order to drive said conveyer.

Hopper 59 is arranged to encircle shaft 35 and is tapered inwardly to cause the material to concentrate around said shaft. D sks 63 are arranged. one above another w1th1n cupola 4 and are spaced apart vertically. Each disk 63 is secured to shaft 35 in order to rotate therewith and is provided w1th a deflector 64 to prevent the material from accumulating around said shaft. The bottom of hopper 59 is open so that the material discharges into the topmost disk 63 that is located beneath said hopper. The material adjacent the bottom of hopper 59 1s agitated by means of fingers 65, or the like, that project from shaft 35, and thus is prevented from becoming clogged within said hopper. All of the disks 63 are preferably the same size and are formed with a diameter that is considerably smaller than the internal diameter of cupola 4 so that, when said disks rotate, same discharge the material by centrifugal force against the inner wall of said cupola. lVith the exception of the bottom disk 63, each of the other disks is provided with a nestof deflectors 66. Each of said nests comprises an upper, a lower, and intermediate deflector or deflectors 66, all of said deflectors being preferably similar in shape. Said deflectors are spaced apart from one another in order to allow heat to circulate therebetween and are supported by means of brackets 67, or the like, said brackets being supported by means of angle-irons 68, or the like, secured to cupola 4. The upper deflector 66 is preferably formed large enough to fit snugly within cupola 4, and is arranged to catch the material that is discharged against the inner wall of said cupola from a disk 63. Said upper deflector tapers inwardly to cause the material to fall by gravity into a smaller or intermediate deflector 66, which is similarly tapered to cause the material to discharge into the lower or smallest deflector 66. Said lower deflector discharges the material into a subjacent disk 63 that is spaced from said lower deflector, so that heat can pass therebetween and enter the interior of said deflector. By means of the deflector 66, the material that discharges from a disk 63 strikes against the inner wall of cupola 4 and falls by gravity from one deflector to another until it enters the next cupola 4 by means of brackets 70, or the like,

a part of wall 3 being extended upwardly within said cupola in order to aid in supporting said deflector 69. Heat that is preferably introduced at the bottom of cupola 4k in the manner hereinafter described rises upwardly in sail cupola and circulates be tween and around disks 63 and deflectors 66 with the result that, by the time the material reaches the deflector 69, said material is thoroughly dried.

A hopper 71 is arranged beneath deflector 69 in order to receive the material that falls from same and is supported upon a wall 72 which rests upon foundation 1, said hopper being spaced from said deflector so that heat can circulate therebetween and can enter said deflector. Wall 72 is preferably formed concentric with and diametrically smaller than wall 3 so that a passage 73 is left between said walls. Said wall 72 partly surrounds shaft 15 and casting 17 and insulates same from the heat that enters passage 73 in the manner hereinafter described. A passage 74: is formed through walls 2, 3, and 72 in order to obtain access to shaft 15 and casting 17 and, also, to al low air to circulate around the lower bearing of said shaft, with the result that said bearing is kept cool, the sides of wall 3 being connected to wall 72 in order to separate said passage 74 from passage 73, and the parts of walls 3 and 72 that extend over passage 7 1 being connected by means of arches 75, respectively, each of said arches being reinforced with I-beams 76, or the like. A stuflingbox 77 encircles shaft 35 and rests upon cross-pieces 78, or the like, that are supported from wall 72. A spout or chute 79 is supported upon stuflingbox 77 or by any other suitable means. Said spout is arranged to receive the material that discharges from hopper 71 and to deliver same to a screw conveyer 80, or the like, within a casing 81. Said casing 81 extends through the passage 74 and rests upon a standard 82 or other suitable support. A sprocket wheel 83, or the like, on shaft 84 of conveyer 80 receives its power from any suitable source and drives said conveyer, with the result that the dried material is delivered through a discharge spout 85 projecting from casing 81.

The interior of cupola iis heated by means of a furnace 86, or a plurality of such furnaces. For the purpose of illus tration a pair pf furnaces 86 are depicted and are supported upon foundation 1, one

of said furnaces being located adjacent one side of wall 2 and the other one of said furnaces being arranged adjacent the opposite side of said wall, so that heat can be introduced from opposite sides of passage 73.

Each furnace 86 is provided with side walls 87, front wall 88, and a rear wall 89,

all of said walls being supported upon foun dation 1 and arranged so that the rear wall 89 adjoins wall 2. A grate 90 is supported upon bridge-wall 91 and, also, upon part of wall 88 and is arranged adjacent the firedoors 92 and ash-doors 93 in said wall 88. A flue 94 in roof 95 of said furnace communicates with the combustion chamber 96 and, also, with a stack 97 that is supported upon said roof, a damper 98 being arranged in said stack in order to control the draft for said furnace. Conduits 99 extend throu h walls 2, 3, and 89 and deliver the heat from combustion chamber 96 into passage 74. A shaft 100 extends through the side .walls 88 and bears a damper 101 that is arranged to control the passage of the heat through said conduits, a hand-wheel 102, or other suitable means, being attached to one end of said shaft to afford a means for actuating said damper. Doors 103 are arranged adjacent the bottom of cupola a in order to cover openings 104 in cupola 4t, and, whenever it is desired to reduce the temperature of the interior of said cupola, said doors are opened with the result that cool air enters said cupola and lowers the temperature of the air within same.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The material to be dried is fed in any suitable manner into receiver 54:. Conveyer 57 raises the material that is fed into said receiver'and delivers same to chute 58 from which it discharges into hopper 59. The material that enters hopper 59 discharges from the bottom of the same into the topmost disk 63 on shaft 35, which is rotated in the manner hereinabove described. The material discharges by centrifugal force from the topmost disk 63 and strikes the inner wall of cupola 1, then drops into the topmost deflector 66. The material falls from said deflector to the second deflector 66 and then to the third deflector 66. In passing from the topmost deflector 66 to the third deflector the material moves toward shaft 35 so that, when said material falls from said third deflector, the second disk 63 receives same. The second disk 63 delivers the material to the next lower nest of deflectors 66 that causes same to fall into the third disk 63 and so on until the material reaches the bottom disk 63 from which the material discharges into the bottom deflector 69. The material falls from the bottom deflector 69 into hopper 71 and then passes through spout 79 to the conveyer 80,

which causes the dried material to discharge through spout S5 of casing 81 into a suitable receptacle or conveyer (not shown in the drawings). Heat enters passage 73 from furnaces 86, in the manner hereinabove described, and passes between deflector G9 and hopper 71 into the interior of cupola a. Said heat then rises upwardly and together with the heat that radiates fromshaft 35 heats the interior of said cupola. The heat rises upwardly in said cupola and circulates between and. around deflectors 66 and passes through the material that falls from one deflector to another, with the result that, by the time the material reaches the bottom deflector 69, said material is thoroughly dried.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cupola, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-* disposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached and having its upper end open, a pipe extending through the open end of said shaft into the interior of same and adapted to discharge hot water into the interior of said shaft, and means for discharging the water that overflows from said shaft.

2. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cupola, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached and having its upper end open, a pipe extending through the open end of said shaft into the interior of same, said pipe terminating adjacent the lower end of said shaft and adapted to discharge hot water into the interior of same, and means for discharging the water that overflows from said shaft.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cupola, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a verticallydisposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached and having its upper end open, means for supplying the interior of said shaft with hot water, a flange borne by the upper end of said shaft adapted to shed the water that overflows from same, a receptacle arranged to catch the water that flows from said flange, and means for discharging the water from said receptacle.

4. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a verticallydisposed main shaft to which said members are attached, an auxiliary vertical shaft secured to the lower end of said main shaft, a ball-bearing in which said auxiliary shaft is journaled, a casting supported on said foundation and adapted to support said ball-bearing, and means for driving said auxiliary shaft,

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed main shaft to which said members are attached, an auxiliary vertical shaft secured to the lower end of said main shaft, a ball-bearing in which said auxiliary shaft is journaled, a casting supported on said foundation and adapted to support said ball-bearing, and means for driving said auxiliary shaft, there being a passage through the base of said cupola to obtain access to said auxiliary shaft.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a verticallydisposed main shaft to which said members are attached, an auxiliary vertical shaft secured to the lower end of said main shaft, a ball-bearing in which said auxiliary shaft is journaled, a casting supported on said foundation and adapted to support said ball-bearing, means for leveling said ball bearing, and means for rotating said auxiliary shaft.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a verticallydisposed main shaft to which said members are attached, an auxiliary vertical shaft secured to the lower end of said main shaft, a casting in which said auxiliary shaft is journaled, a gear borne by said auxiliary shaft, a drive shaft, a gear borne by said drive shaft and meshing with the gear on said auxiliary shaft, and means for rotating said drive shaft,

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a receptacle arranged to receive the material that discharges from the bottommost member, a cylindrical wall supported on said foundation and arranged to support said receptacle, there being a passage around said wall that communicates with the interior of said cupola, means for supplying a heating medium to said passage, and means to allow the heating medium to escape from the top of said cupola.

9. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a receptacle arranged to receive the material that discharges from the bottommost member, a cylindrical wall resting upon said foundation and supporting said receptacle, there being a passage around said wall that communicates with the interior of said cupola, means for supplying a heating medium to said passage, means to allow the heating medium to escape from the top of said cupola, and means to allow cool air to enter said cupola.

10. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a furnace supported on said foundation, conduits arranged to deliver the heated air from said furnace into the interior of said cupola, and means to allow the heated air to escape from the top of said cupola.

11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a plurality of furnaces supported on said foundation, conduits arranged to deliver the heated air from said furnaces into the interior of said cupola, and means to allow the heated air to escape from the top of said cupola.

12. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cupola, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertical shaft to which said members are attached, means for supporting the lower end of said shaft, a sleeve secured to the upper end of said shaft, a casing wherein said sleeve is inclosed, lugs projecting from the inner wall of said casing, and rollers journaled in said lugs, said rollers being arranged around and in peripheral contact with said sleeve.

13. A drying machine, comprising a cupola, a vertical shaft arranged therein, means for rotating said shaft, a plurality of members attached one above another to said shaft for revolution therewith and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally, a nest of deflectors arranged above each of said members for guiding the material thereto, means for supporting said deflectors, and an additional deflector directly provided upon each of said members to prevent the accumulation of the material around said shaft.

14:. A drying machine comprising a cupola, a vertical shaft arranged therein, means for rotating said shaft, a plurality of members attached one above another to said shaft for revolution therewith and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally, a nest of inwardly tapering deflectors of gradually decreasing diameter arranged above each of said members for guiding the material thereto, brackets secured to the inner wall of said cupola for supporting said nests, and an additional deflector provided upon each of said members to prevent the accumulation of the material around said shaft. 7 a

15. A drying machine comprising a cupola, a vertical shaft arranged therein, means for rotating said shaft, a plurality of members attached one above another to said shaft for revolution therewith and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally, a nest of inwardly-tapering deflectors of gradually decreasing diameter arranged above each of said members for guiding the material thereto, brackets secured to the in ner wall of said cupola for supporting said nests, an additional deflector provided upon each of said members to prevent the accumulation of the material around said shaft, and means for supplying a heating medium to the interior of said cupola, the component deflectors of each nest being spaced apart from each other to permit the heating medium to pass therebetween.

16. In a machine, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached, means for rotating said shaft, a pipe extending into the interior of said shaft for introducing a heating medium thereinto, and additional means for introducing heated air into the interior of said cupola.

17. In a machine, the combination of a so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached, means for rotating said shaft, a pipe extending into the interior of said shaft for introducing hot water thereinto, means for discharging the water that overflows from said shaft, and additional means for introducing heated air into the interior of said cupola.

18. In a machine, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same, falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed hollow shaft to which said members, are attached, means for rotating said shaft, a pipe. extending into the interior of said shaft for introducing a heating medium thereinto, a furnace supported on said foundation, and conduits for delivering the heated air from said furnace into. the. interior of said cupola.

19. In a machine, the combination of a foundation, a cupola supported thereby, a plurality of rotary members arranged one above another within said cupola and adapted to discharge the material centrifugally so that same falls from one member to another, a vertically-disposed hollow shaft to which said members are attached, means for rotating said shaft, a pipe extending into the interior of said shaft for introducing hot water thereinto, means for discharging the water that overflows from said shaft, a furnace supported on said foundation, and, conduits for delivering the heated-air from said furnace into theinterior of said cupola.

In testimony whereof'I have hereunto. affixed my signature in, the presence of two witnesses.

Enw. T. IVALLAOE, FRED. A. VEDIVER.

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